Aiwatar da SOLID ƙa'idodin a cikin Node.js

Single Responsibility Principle(SRP)

Wannan ka'ida ta bayyana cewa ajin ya kamata ya kasance yana da dalili ɗaya kawai don canzawa, ma'ana kowane aji ya yi takamaiman aiki.

Misali: Sarrafa bayanan mai amfani da aika email sanarwa.

class UserManager {  
  constructor() {}  
    
  createUser(userData) {  
    // Logic for creating a user  
  }  
}  
  
class EmailService {  
  constructor() {}  
    
  sendEmail(emailData) {  
    // Logic for sending an email  
  }  
}  

Open/Closed Principle(OCP)

Wannan ƙa'ida tana ƙarfafa faɗaɗa ayyuka ta ƙara sabon lamba maimakon canza lambar da ke akwai.

Misali: Karɓar hanyoyin biyan kuɗi daban-daban a cikin aikace-aikacen kasuwancin e-commerce.

class PaymentProcessor {  
  processPayment() {  
    // Common logic for payment processing  
  }  
}  
  
class CreditCardPaymentProcessor extends PaymentProcessor {  
  processPayment() {  
    // Logic for processing credit card payment  
  }  
}  
  
class PayPalPaymentProcessor extends PaymentProcessor {  
  processPayment() {  
    // Logic for processing PayPal payment  
  }  
}  

Liskov Substitution Principle(LSP)

Wannan ƙa'ida ta tabbatar da cewa abubuwan da aka samo asali yakamata su kasance a musanya su da abubuwan ajin tushe ba tare da yin tasiri ga daidaiton shirin ba.

Misali: Sarrafar da siffofi na geometric.

class Shape {  
  area() {}  
}  
  
class Rectangle extends Shape {  
  constructor(width, height) {}  
    
  area() {  
    return this.width * this.height;  
  }  
}  
  
class Square extends Shape {  
  constructor(side) {}  
    
  area() {  
    return this.side * this.side;  
  }  
}  

Ƙa'idar Rarraba nterface(ISP)

Wannan ƙa'idar tana ba da shawarar ɓata musaya zuwa ƙanana don guje wa tilasta azuzuwan aiwatar da hanyoyin da ba sa buƙata.

Misali: Interfaces don ɗaukakawa da nuna bayanai.

class UpdateableFeature {  
  updateFeature() {}  
}  
  
class DisplayableFeature {  
  displayFeature() {}  
}  

Dependency Inversion Principle(DIP)

Wannan ka'ida ta nuna cewa matakan matakan ba za su dogara da ƙananan matakan ba; duka biyu ya kamata su dogara da abstractions.

Misali: Amfani dependency injection don sarrafa abin dogara.

class OrderProcessor {  
  constructor(dbConnection, emailService) {  
    this.dbConnection = dbConnection;  
    this.emailService = emailService;  
  }  
}  

Ka tuna, waɗannan misalan misalai ne kawai na yadda ake amfani da SOLID ƙa'idodin a cikin Node.js. A aikace, kuna buƙatar amfani da su cikin sassauƙa bisa manufa da sikelin aikinku.