Aiwatar da SOLID ƙa'idodi a cikin JavaScript: Misalai da Mafi kyawun Ayyuka

Single Responsibility Principle(SRP)

Wannan ka'ida ta bayyana cewa kowane aji yakamata ya kasance yana da alhakin guda ɗaya. Yana jaddada cewa aji ya kamata ya yi takamaiman aiki ɗaya kuma ba shi da dalilai da yawa don canzawa.

Misali: Sarrafa bayanan mai amfani da aika sanarwar imel.

class UserManager {  
  createUser(userData) {  
    // Logic for creating a user  
  }  
}  
  
class EmailService {  
  sendEmail(emailData) {  
    // Logic for sending an email  
  }  
}  

Open/Closed Principle(OCP)

Wannan ƙa'ida tana ƙarfafa faɗaɗa ayyuka ta ƙara sabon lamba maimakon canza lambar da ke akwai.

Misali: Karɓar hanyoyin biyan kuɗi daban-daban a cikin aikace-aikacen kasuwancin e-commerce.

class PaymentProcessor {  
  processPayment() {  
    // Common logic for payment processing  
  }  
}  
  
class CreditCardPaymentProcessor extends PaymentProcessor {  
  processPayment() {  
    // Logic for processing credit card payment  
  }  
}  
  
class PayPalPaymentProcessor extends PaymentProcessor {  
  processPayment() {  
    // Logic for processing PayPal payment  
  }  
}  

Liskov Substitution Principle(LSP)

Wannan ƙa'ida ta tabbatar da cewa abubuwan da aka samo asali yakamata su kasance a musanya su da abubuwan ajin tushe ba tare da yin tasiri ga daidaiton shirin ba.

Misali: Sarrafar da siffofi na geometric.

class Shape {  
  area() {  
    // Common logic for calculating area  
  }  
}  
  
class Rectangle extends Shape {  
  area() {  
    // Logic for calculating area of rectangle  
  }  
}  
  
class Square extends Shape {  
  area() {  
    // Logic for calculating area of square  
  }  
}  

Interface Segregation Principle(ISP)

Wannan ƙa'idar tana ba da shawarar ɓata musaya zuwa ƙanana don guje wa tilasta azuzuwan aiwatar da hanyoyin da ba sa buƙata.

Misali: Interfaces don ɗaukakawa da nuna bayanai.

class UpdateableFeature {  
  updateFeature() {  
    // Logic for updating feature  
  }  
}  
  
class DisplayableFeature {  
  displayFeature() {  
    // Logic for displaying feature  
  }  
}  

Dependency Inversion Principle(DIP)

Wannan ƙa'idar tana ba da shawarar yin amfani da allurar dogaro don sarrafa abin dogaro.

Misali: Amfani da allurar dogaro don sarrafa abin dogaro.

class OrderProcessor {  
  constructor(dbConnection, emailService) {  
    this.dbConnection = dbConnection;  
    this.emailService = emailService;  
  }  
}  

Ka tuna cewa yin amfani da SOLID ƙa'idodi a cikin JavaScript ya kamata a yi shi cikin sassauƙa bisa takamaiman manufar aikin ku da fahimtar ku SOLID da JavaScript.