Function and Defining Functions in Python
In Python, a function is a block of code that performs a specific task and can be reused throughout the program. Defining a function in Python involves the following steps:
Function Definition Syntax
To define a function in Python, you use the def keyword, followed by the function name and a list of input parameters enclosed in parentheses (). The code that performs the function's task is placed inside the function's body, which is indented inside the def block. A function can return a value (or multiple values) using the return keyword. If there is no return statement in the function, the function will automatically return None.
Using Input Parameters
A function can receive information from the outside through input parameters. Parameters are the values that you provide when calling the function. These parameters will be used within the function's body to perform specific tasks.
Returning Values from a Function
Once the function has completed its task, you can use the return keyword to return a value from the function. If the function does not have a return statement, the function will automatically return None.
Calling a Function
To use a defined function, you simply call the function's name and pass any required parameter values (if any). The result returned from the function (if any) can be stored in a variable for future use or printed to the screen.
Detailed Example
# Define a function to calculate the sum of two numbers
def calculate_sum(a, b):
sum_result = a + b
return sum_result
# Define a function to greet the user
def greet_user(name):
return "Welcome, " + name + "!"
# Call the functions and print the results
num1 = 5
num2 = 3
result = calculate_sum(num1, num2)
print("The sum of", num1, "and", num2, "is:", result) # Output: The sum of 5 and 3 is: 8
name = "John"
greeting_message = greet_user(name)
print(greeting_message) # Output: Welcome, John!
In the example above, we have defined two functions: calculate_sum() to calculate the sum of two numbers and greet_user() to create a greeting message. Then, we called these functions and printed the results.