Aiwatar da SOLID ƙa'idodi a cikin PHP: Misalai da Mafi kyawun Ayyuka

Single Responsibility Principle(SRP)

Wannan ka'ida ta bayyana cewa kowane aji yakamata ya kasance yana da alhakin guda ɗaya. Yana jaddada cewa aji ya kamata ya yi takamaiman aiki ɗaya kuma ba shi da dalilai da yawa don canzawa.

Misali: Sarrafa bayanan mai amfani da aika sanarwar imel.

class UserManager {  
    public function createUser($userData) {  
        // Logic for creating a user  
    }  
}  
  
class EmailService {  
    public function sendEmail($emailData) {  
        // Logic for sending an email  
    }  
}  

Open/Closed Principle(OCP)

Wannan ƙa'ida tana ƙarfafa faɗaɗa ayyuka ta ƙara sabon lamba maimakon canza lambar da ke akwai.

Misali: Karɓar hanyoyin biyan kuɗi daban-daban a cikin aikace-aikacen kasuwancin e-commerce.

interface PaymentProcessor {  
    public function processPayment();  
}  
  
class CreditCardPaymentProcessor implements PaymentProcessor {  
    public function processPayment() {  
        // Logic for processing credit card payment  
    }  
}  
  
class PayPalPaymentProcessor implements PaymentProcessor {  
    public function processPayment() {  
        // Logic for processing PayPal payment  
    }  
}  

Liskov Substitution Principle(LSP)

Wannan ƙa'ida ta tabbatar da cewa abubuwan da aka samo asali yakamata su kasance a musanya su da abubuwan ajin tushe ba tare da yin tasiri ga daidaiton shirin ba.

Misali: Sarrafar da siffofi na geometric.

abstract class Shape {  
    abstract public function area();  
}  
  
class Rectangle extends Shape {  
    public function area() {  
        return $this->width * $this->height;  
    }  
}  
  
class Square extends Shape {  
    public function area() {  
        return $this->side * $this->side;  
    }  
}  

Interface Segregation Principle(ISP)

Wannan ƙa'idar tana ba da shawarar ɓata musaya zuwa ƙanana don guje wa tilasta azuzuwan aiwatar da hanyoyin da ba sa buƙata.

Misali: Interfaces don ɗaukakawa da nuna bayanai.

interface UpdateableFeature {  
    public function updateFeature();  
}  
  
interface DisplayableFeature {  
    public function displayFeature();  
}  

Dependency Inversion Principle(DIP)

Wannan ƙa'idar tana ba da shawarar yin amfani da allurar dogaro don sarrafa abin dogaro.

Misali: Amfani da allurar dogaro don sarrafa abin dogaro.

class OrderProcessor {  
    private $dbConnection;  
    private $emailService;  
  
    public function __construct(DatabaseConnection $dbConnection, EmailService $emailService) {  
        $this->dbConnection = $dbConnection;  
        $this->emailService = $emailService;  
    }  
}  

Ka tuna cewa yin amfani da SOLID ka'idoji a cikin PHP ya kamata a yi su cikin sassauƙa bisa takamaiman manufar aikin ku da fahimtar ku da SOLID PHP.